CT 1 Knowledge and the Knower: Empowerment. veers round into a quality of its own and then it becomes incalculable (Heidegger). Paper: 'Woman's brain, man's brain: feminism and anthropology in late nineteenth-century France' Is Galileos view an improvement on Aristotles view of nature is, of course, another question entirely and one which you may explore in your Exhibition. a cause-effect relation. Even where one permits the animate its own character (as is done in the human sciences), this character is conceived as an additional structure built upon the inanimate. When we say that the objectivity of objects is based upon subjectivity we mean that it is not something confined to a single person and something fortuitous to their individuality and situation and discretion; it is not personal knowledge. Those who are affectively motivated to form beliefs independent of conceptual coherence will have little motivation to revise those beliefs in light of new ideas that could increase coherence. They should also be applicable for other dealings with things, the things understood and delimited and defined by the project: from your three images or objects, it should be possible to expand the application of your interpretation to many other images or objects not included in the Exhibition. Although historians cannot observe what happened in a laboratory nor do experiments to confirm their hypothesis, they have developed alternative methods to gather knowledge. Does some knowledge belong only to particular communities of knowers? What this definition indicates is that the production of knowledge is what the Greeks called techne, and in all of those prompts that speak of the production or producing of knowledge we can be certain that the technological viewing of the world is at play. In active experience, we go forth to look for something. On what grounds might we doubt a claim? We are obliged to the things about us if we want them to work at their most efficient level. If not, you will get a 0. Our doubt and skepticism, on the other hand, is spurred by the requirement of giving sufficient reasons for a things being what and how it is, and should these not be given, then the thing is not. For knowledge to be knowledge, it must be shared or handed over to others and confirmed and affirmed (See prompt #26). Our tragic literature, on the other hand, demonstrates the implications of the lack of self-knowledge in its heroes actions which ultimately lead to their demise in most cases. Can new knowledge change established new values and beliefs? Useful to/for whom? 21. Can we do it is prior to should we do it, for we have lost any sense of should. What is essential is not mere ignorance, mere unfamiliarity, but a presumption of knowledge. However, such knowledge has also brought about many ills and challenges that we are now trying to overcome and must overcome if we are to sustain life on this planet. This understanding is grounded in the principle of sufficient reason. A current example could be the claims made by Alan Dershowitz, a prominent professor of law from Harvard University, in the impeachment trial of Donald J. Trump. This rendering is done through language of some kind. That is, the thing must give itself back to us as an object prior to our investigation of it. How can we judge when evidence is adequate? Your first step is to ensure that you understand what principles and key concepts are involved in the prompt you have chosen. 11. It is this that is the great paradigm shift of human being-in-the-world in the modern age and determines the actions that we choose to take and whom among us is sane or not. why these three objects or images from an almost infinite possibility?). They are the predications of the subject that we call knowledge. An account is an account only if it is handed over. OT2: Knowledge and Technology. https://mytok.blog/2017/07/29/technology-as-a-way-of-knowing-computers/. Technology is a theoretical,not a practical affair. Can New Knowledge Change Establish Values or Beliefs | PDF Infatuation is a common example, not simply for another human being but for the outward appearances of things. The intention of this writing is to provoke thought on your part so that you are mindful of your choices and, hopefully, gain greater knowledge of who you are so that you will be able to make more aware judgements in the future about academic and ethical questions. The soul, when properly ordered, is given to us by Socrates in his prayer to Pan at the end of the dialogue Phaedrus: O dear Pan and all you gods here, grant it to me to become beautiful, to come into the correct condition in relation to what is in myself, what comes from inside, and grant that whatever I possess on the outside may be a friend to what is inner, and grant that I repute as rich the one who is wise, and grant that to me the amount of gold I possess in this world will have as much value for me and that I will claim for it only as much value as a man of understanding should claim.Socrates prayer is that his soul will become beautiful, and this means having its proper relation to the things themselves and for their correct limits; nothing in excess. This is why works of art are turned into things nowadays so that something may be said about them as to what they are and what they may mean.What is unknowable is not a thing. But such a venturing is necessary if one truly wishes to engage in a search for the truth of things. It is the unity of a subject with its predicate and the support for their being connected is the basis or ground of the judgement and provides justification for the judgement. The principle of reason demands the universal and total reckoning up of everything as something calculable. OT2: Knowledge and Technology. The material tools required for the production of knowledge are secondary to the technological viewing that has allowed these tools to come into being. We impose laws to determine our behaviours in our communities. What role does imagination play in producing knowledge about the world? What some thing is determined to be in its representation is determined as what it is. they may provide a better description of the whence of the objects under examination. judgements, and thus sets itself over-against the world as to an object. On a shop which sells Antique Hand Bags near here is a sign which reads: The Shop is not Open because it is Closed. If we read the prompt in the light of such expressions as being in the picture, putting oneself in the picture, getting the picture which imply a complete mastery of what the picture is a picture of we see that world-picture essentially means not a picture of the world, but the world conceived as picture from within a framing. One finds the best example of this metaphor in Shakespeares Macbeth and in the motif of sickness that runs throughout that play: Art not without ambition, but without/ The illness should attend it: what thou wouldst highly,/ That wouldst thou holily; wouldst not play false, And yet wouldst wrongly win(Act 1 Sc. Calculus arises from the need to be secure about what some thing is; it is a counting on something. The sign is what is referred to as a tautology. Knowledge as it is defined in the Oxford Dictionary involves facts, information, and skills acquired by a person through experience or education; the theoretical or practical understanding of a subject. I, for example, havent got a clue what is going on in the fashion arts. Now they are contrasted with mere observation and description, guided by no mathematical anticipation. What this question is asking is can the knowledge that we learned changed beliefs or values that we were taught by our guardians since we were born in other words, the knowledge that we grew up on. In other areas, there are few, for example, who understand the mathematics involved in quantum and relativity physics. The noun logos and the verb legein from the Greek mean to gather together, to lay one beside the other. Historicism dominates all presentations of what has come to be called knowledge in the 21st century. It is obvious that such seeing of possibilities and potentialities is dependent upon the techneof the technological viewing and those who proceed with unethical actions will do so because they believe some personal end which will bring about their own personal eudaimoniaor happiness will be the result, and they will do so under a sense of duty or be just following the orders of their superiors. Whenever we speak of the production of knowledge, we are speaking of the bringing forth of what was once hidden into presence so that we may see it face to face. It is through the original unconcealment of things which allows us to do anything whatsoever: in order for us to do anything, to act upon anything, to stand in relation to any being, it must have been disclosed to us in advance what a being is in general. Should some knowledge not be sought on ethical grounds? To count on means that the knowledge produced can be relied upon with certainty to be that which is said about it. Join. A link that might be of some help with a discussion of this broad theme is posted here: The Natural Sciences: Historical Background. Some discussion of the certainty and reliability of mathematical knowledge will be required. Whence means from where, when and speaks of the origins of the thing in question. why must a reason be explicitly brought forward i.e. TOK. OT 2: Language and Knowledge. Such a definition is correct to a point. Reasons must be rendered or handed over for the things which first give themselves to us. Production is a process of combining various material inputs and immaterial inputs in order to make something for consumption. In your Exhibition you will bring your knowledge to bear on the relations of the objects or images that you will choose to exhibit and demonstrate their connectedness to each other. What constraints are there on the pursuit of knowledge? Ignorance is bad because it inhibits human beings from their true Being which is to reveal truth. It is this that we call understanding. If the first principle is the principle of reason, then the rest of ones discourse must be logically derived and the conclusions drawn from that principle. -Those beliefs were changed and replaced when the Constitution was signed -Shown through the object For the German philosopher Leibniz, a truth is a verifiable proposition, a correct judgement. The USA is going through some deep conflicts at the moment in that its Constitution begins with We hold these truths to be self-evident But its sciences illustrate that there are no self-evident truths and that what are believed to be self-evident truths are coming into conflict with the conveniences that have been revealed and desired through their technology, the tendencies towards autocratism and fascism being two examples . When we ask what counts as knowledge, the language of the question should surprise us. Can new knowledge change established values or beliefs? can new knowledge change established values or beliefs objects However, it does not supply a sufficient reason for the shops being closed. Quantum physics challenges what we have understood historically as causality and the role of reason in understanding the world about us, but because its results are reliable and dependable we can count on those results as giving us all that we need to know. It becomes something subjective. Admittedly, our mathematical formulas no longer picture nature but merely represent our own grasp of nature. In what and from where does our word values have its origins? It lacks evident correctness, evidence. Nietzsche/Darwin: Part IX-B: Education, Ethics/Actions: Contemplative vs. Calculative Thinking. can new knowledge change established values or beliefs tok Our modern scientific knowledge in the form of quantum physics demonstrates that what has been traditionally understood as certainty regarding knowledge of nature and inquiries into nature is not possible. An explanation is a rendering or handing over of an account of things. Doubt was a requisite for thought for it inspired wonder. Obviously, the societies of which we are members determine what knowledge is and what types of knowledge will be considered valuable. William Blakes The Tyger and the framing of the fearful symmetry that is the tyger). What values and beliefs changed due to our change in our relationship to Nature could be undertaken. Information only informs when the data which comprises it is placed within a system (the form) that allows it to in-form. We do not acquire what can be called objective knowledge of nature as that was traditionally understood. There may be some dispute over the language used to communicate these conclusions, but this is avoided when the language used is mathematical calculus. (See particularly the comments by Heisenberg in the blogs on The Natural Sciences.). His speech is sophistry. There are many examples from the medical professions. your cognition of the things, should come to a greater light or understanding through this exercise. Can new knowledge change established values or beliefs? How can we know that current knowledge is an improvement upon past knowledge? Presumed familiarity with something is the proper origin of deception and error. Reasons must be given for the claims being made. For prompt 2, youve stated that the concept of added value in economics could also be an object for this prompt. Our use of tools is primarily a way in which we enhance our sense perception as a way of knowing things in the sciences, but the things themselves must be determined as objects and therefore calculable and measurable prior to our use of the tools. Current knowledge and historical knowledge is shown through the transition and transformation of language: language addresses itself to human beings in words that conceal the genuine face of Being. 19. This exhibition (done in 11th grade) was about how new equipment in the music industry was preliminary for the "SoundCloud Rap" era in hip-hop. Judgement is the connection between what is stated with that about which a statement is made. Suffice it to say that it must be asked: where in all human activity do human beings encounter their essence, what they truly are? It was the Greek fundamental experience of the being of beings which underlay, and gave rise to, both the subject-predicate form of their language (and, thus, our English language) and their conception of a thing as a subject (subjectum) with accidents (qualities, what we experience of the thing through sensory perception).

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