Should I lie to him? A doctor can then help identify the cause of their delirium and recommend treatment. Severe dehydration has been linked to decreased cognitive performance, especially in older adults.[17]. There are literally thousands of different molds floating around in the air, the soil, in your home, and even in your foods. Proper diet and treatment of a B12 deficiency may reverse dementia-like symptoms and help prevent them from developing in the future. Wernicke's encephalopathy. Seniors facing retirement and health crises often seek new housing in senior retirement communities or assisted living facilities as their situation and health needs change. A TBI is diagnosed by health care professionals through an evaluation of how the injury happened and an examination of brain functions, reflexes, and senses. However, when the yeast infection was eliminated, memory and confusion went away. Your email address will not be published. Dementia or delirium can also result from alcohol or drug abuse, so you need to inform the healthcare practitioner if your loved one has a history of drug or alcohol problems, including abuse of over-the-counter medications or prescription drugs. Hallucinations She enjoys writing fiction on the side when shes not tending to her plants and three pet turtles. 6 Potentially Reversible Conditions That Can Mimic Dementia by Carol Bradley Bursack Writer June 30, 2016 When dementia symptoms appear it's natural to fear that the person affected has an. A study showed that out of 340 patients seen in a Behavioral Neurology Outpatient Unit, around 20% of the cases were found to have reversible causes. Hypothyroidism often occurs in middle age or elderly people with more females than males affected (about 1 male to every 5 females). The technical storage or access that is used exclusively for statistical purposes. 7 . However, not everyone who has depression will develop dementia, and vice versa. Surgeons have set up a one-stop clinic to treat patients with a condition often mistaken for Alzheimer's disease. 31(2), 71-78. Cardiovascular Drugs They may let the patient answer a battery of tests, and theyre not graded, so dont worry! B6 should be taken in the form of Pyridoxal-5-phosphate, or P-5-P or PLP, instead of the more common form of pyridoxine hydrochloride. Other dementia disorders are: Dementia is a common concern in geriatric care as aging is one of the risk factors for developing a brain disorder that falls under this umbrella term. Problems with thinking clearly, loss of memory, brain fog Once a senior has decided to move to a senior living community or assisted living, how can they and family members make the move a smooth one? What Are Some Of The Signs And Symptoms Of These Conditions? In addition to memory loss and a decline in mental processes (similar to Alzheimer's), NPH typically can causes difficulty walking (like Parkinson's) and urinary incontinence. document.getElementById("ak_js_1").setAttribute("value",(new Date()).getTime()); This site uses Akismet to reduce spam. In addition, vitamin B12 or folate deficiency may cause homocysteine levels to rise. Keep in mind it may sometimes take 6 months or more for the body to fully recover from the inflammation and chronic reactions from gluten. As a consequence, when hypothyroidism has been going on for some time, dementia is a normal consequence. The cognitive impact of anticholinergics: A clinical review. What quiet "do it himself" activities are suitable and interesting for an older man with vascular dementia? PsychCentral. The following symptoms are considered hallmarks of normal pressure hydrocephalus: Difficulty walking that's sometimes compared to the way a person walks "on a boat," with the body bent forward, legs held wide apart and feet moving as if they're "glued to the deck." Mild dementia that involves loss of interest in daily activities . THANK YOU SO MUCH. The condition has been linked to subtle decline in memory and executive function. When cases are mild, they can be managed with an ER visit or a short hospital stay. Inflammation is one of the triggers that helps push people towards Alzheimers disease and dementia. [3] The most common cause of these reversible dementias were head injuries, with alcohol as a close second. They may get lost in places that used to be very familiar to them. Depression, nutritional deficiencies, side-effects from medications and emotional distresscan all produce symptoms that can be mistaken as early signs of dementia, such as communication and memory difficulties and behavioural changes. Extreme fatigue Candida albicans is a common species of a type of fungus that grows naturally in the human gut, mouth, and vagina. The B-vitamins, including vitamins B12, B6, B1, B2, niacin (B3) and folate (B9), have been implicated as protective risk factors against cognitive decline and Alzheimers disease. She focuses on life enrichment opportunities and memory care. 1. Randell Suba is a former Physiotherapist who returned to his first love, writing. People with thyroid problems can also experience brain fog and decreased concentration. Additionally, there are cases when a patient has both depression and dementia, but the former tends to appear first before the latter develops. The term dementia refers to conditions that affect remembering, thinking, and behavior. Your email address will not be published. A doctor can then identify the cause by evaluating or ordering the following: Once the cause is identified, doctors may alter your loved ones medications, suggest therapy, or recommend routine changes to help clear up their dementia symptoms. After all, dementia has no cure. Another problem with gluten is overall increase in inflammation in the body, which can trigger dementia and brain fog. Delirium is only one of a long list of reversible or partly reversible medical conditions that can mimic MaND and mislead the doctors into assigning the wrong diagnosis. Trouble walking (also a sign of Alzheimers and Parkinsons) Whereas delirium is considered an acute confusional state that comes and goes, often starting just a few days or weeks ago. The B-vitamins, including vitamins B12, B6, B1, B2, niacin (B3) and folate (B9), have been implicated as protective risk factors against cognitive decline and Alzheimers disease. Medication Class. What is the most common reversible cause of dementia symptoms quizlet? Some types of drugs such as opioids for pain; benzodiazepines for anxiety or stress; antimuscarinics for urinary incontinence; and muscle relaxers for muscle tightness could cause memory loss and side effects that could be mistake for Alzheimer's disease. Contents hide 1 Characteristics and evaluation of dementia 2 Reversible dementias 2.1 Infection 2.2 Hypothyroidism 2.3 Other conditions 3 References: If you search out dementia online, you're likely to find that it is charact. So, a doctor may call a celiac test negative for celiac disease even in the presence of bad reactions to other wheat proteins or transglutaminases. Estrogen actually tends to help prevent UTIs in younger females. What is a reversible form of dementia? Dont let the doctor just diagnose dementia for you or any of your loved ones without checking into the below health issues, which can mimic dementiaand are often reversible. (2021, November 8). Older adults who have hypothyroidism will have deficits in memory, intelligence, visual perception and even motor skills such as walking. Low B12 can mimic symptoms of Alzheimers or dementia, with confusion and brain fog. Aging loved ones are at risk of developing many health conditions due to natural changes related to aging, such as decline in immune function. Hypothyroidism (low thyroid) is a significant cause of reversible cognitive impairment. Our vision is to be the most trusted source of information and support for seniors and their families. Alzheimers itself does not have a specific test to determine its presence; doctors merely rely on a cluster of symptoms to recognize it. 116(8), 895-906. They can manifest as memory loss, general sluggishness, a flitting attention span, and depressed or apathetic mood.[6]. Will All Dementia-Like Symptoms Go Away When The Condition Is Treated? Other times they might not notice it. . In the literature, the most frequently observed potentially reversible conditions identified in patients with cognitive impairment or dementia are depression, adverse effects of drugs, drug or alcohol abuse, space-occupying lesions, normal pressure hydrocephalus, and metabolic conditions land endocrinal conditions like . Samuels MH. Excessive use of alcohol can also result in another form of B vitamin-related dementia, called Wernicke-Korsakoff Syndrome, which is caused by severe, long term deficiencies of the B vitamin thiamine. Age, general health and the underlying disease causing brain damage will all affect the pattern of progression. National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke. Pharmaceutical medications include Nystatin which is more gentle to the system, or fluconazole (Diflucan). They may leave their glasses or dentures in strange places like the fridge. [5], Infections are a bit tricky in the elderly. However, a combined approach using medicine, therapy, and lifestyle adjustments can help treat symptoms, resulting in the reversal of depression-induced dementia. And, if you look at these results across the general public, that means that air pollution, including high ozone levels, can be responsible for about 21% of dementia cases. But what if it wasnt dementia? They think forgetfulness is the first sign of Alzheimer's disease. Clarfield, A. M. (2003, October 13). Cognition-specific symptoms of these infections can include the following[09]: Treatment: Symptoms will usually clear up when the infection is treated and health is restored. NPH is a neurological disorder marked by impaired bladder control, walking abnormalities, and dementia-like symptoms (e.g., lack of attention and focus, loss of motor control, and loss of complex cognitive function). The speed of deterioration differs between individuals. Delirium is a mental state that causes confusion and disorientation, and it is typically caused by acute illness or drug intoxication. Indian Journal of Psychiatry. Sometimes, they may have problems doing things they used to do, such as getting dressed for a party or preparing their food. According to studies, up to 23% of dementia cases arise because of potentially reversible causes.. When the bodys immune function is low, candida (see below) and other opportunistic organisms will grow out of hand. Keep an eye out for these drugs that can cause dementia-like symptoms: Antidepressants According to the Harvard Special Health Report Living Better, Living Longer: Taking steps now to ensure a happier, healthier future, a small percentage of dementia cases may be reversible dementia if treatment begins before permanent brain damage occurs. People who possess the MTHFR gene variant (present in 50-70% of population), or who have Inflammatory Bowel Syndrome (IBS), celiac disease, or problems with their gut microbiome may also be susceptible to B vitamin deficiencies, especially B12 and B9 (folate). Ativan, Valium, Restoril, Klonopin. Caregivers, family members and loved ones can be alert to this condition and be sure anyone with sudden unusual behavior gets checked for a UTI. If you think your loved one is experiencing dementia symptoms due to one of the conditions above, talk to their doctor. It may come as a surprise that there's a type of dementia that may be reversible. One out of 8 participants were deficient in B12 and one in 7 deficient in folate, with deficiencies increasing with age. If youve ever forgotten where you parked your car, lost your keys in your own house, or walked into a room and forgot why you went there, you are not alone. The condition is also called pernicious anemia, and it's caused by a decrease in red blood cells due to a lack of vitamin B12. Jain, K. K. (2021, September 19). This issort ofreversible as the cognitive impairment can be remedied by supporting the clearance of ammonia. Mike is originally from Pennsylvania, but has fallen in love with mountain life and now resides in the picturesque mountains of Utah. Inflammation from environmental allergies like dust, mold and pollen, can create brain fog, which over time can cause chronic forgetfulness, memory issues, and slowed responses, leading to dementia. What conditions can be mistaken for dementia? While we have mentioned the most common conditions that can mimic dementia, there are still others out there. The symptoms include psychosis, disorientation, memory loss, and confusion. Take your loved one to the doctor as soon as you notice these symptoms. However, its important to note that dementia is not a necessary part of aging. From mental illnesses and medication side effects to infections and delirium, the list is lengthy. It is the brain lesions that could have caused Dementia. Reversible dementias Altered mental status generally refers to the change in cognition or level of consciousness, as we have mentioned earlier. Whatare the cognitive symptoms of depression? . AgingCare.com does not provide medical advice, diagnosis or treatment; or legal, or financial or any other professional services advice. Treatment with thyroid supplementation (especially medication that includes both T3 and T4) can help reverse this health condition. Whereas delirium is considered an acute confusional state that comes and goes, often starting just a few days or weeks ago. Just because your TSH test comes back normal, dont assume your thyroid is fine without additional tests! People who possess the MTHFR gene variant, A new study by The Irish Longitudinal Study on Aging at Trinity College in Dublin, Try essential oils instead to relieve symptoms naturally, https://www.alzheimer-europe.org/Dementia/Other-forms-of-dementia/Metabolic-diseases/Thyroid-disorders, https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/dementia, https://www.amymyersmd.com/2018/01/whats-behind-brain-fog-banish/, https://www.beingpatient.com/b12-brain-health-dementia/, https://www.cbsnews.com/news/popular-drugs-for-colds-allergies-linked-to-dementia/, https://www.helpguide.org/harvard/whats-causing-your-memory-loss.htm, https://www.consultant360.com/exclusives/revisiting-dementia-s-relationship-hypothyroidism, https://www.pathwayshealth.org/home-health-topics/link-uti-dementia-older-adults/, https://bebrainfit.com/seasonal-allergies-brain-fog/, https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/324106.php, https://www.psychologytoday.com/us/blog/holistic-psychiatry/201708/mold-toxicity-common-cause-psychiatric-symptoms?sfns=mo, https://www.healthline.com/nutrition/candida-symptoms-treatment#section8, https://www.health.com/alzheimers/memory-loss-dementia-surprising-risk-factors, https://www.webmd.com/digestive-disorders/celiac-disease/news/20061013/celiac-disease-linked-dementia#1, http://www.bbc.com/future/story/20181022-there-is-mounting-evidence-that-herpes-leads-to-alzheimers, Top Ten Longevity Practices You Can Follow to Live Beyond 100, Festive Kale, Squash, and Pomegranate Salad with Citrus Dressing, Five Convincing Reasons to Stop Drinking Forever, Five Things that can Destroy Your Thyroid, Baking Soda May Reduce Premature Death Risk, 3 Ingredient Daily Drink Tonics for Your Best Health, Drinking These Fruit Juices is Just as Bad, or Even Worse than Drinking Soda, 7 Foods That Make Your Pee Smell (Is This Good Or Bad? [2], Delirium is also sometimes known as potentially reversible dementia-- which isnt dementia but try saying reversible conditions that mimic dementia a couple of times. When allergy season strikes, there are healthy alternatives to allergy medications. Takada LT, Caramelli P, Radanovic M, et al. Who hasnt lost a train of thought every once in a while? Worth noting is that depression can be one of the signs of dementia. She holds a bachelor's degree in journalism from the University of Kansas. Reversible dementia is a type of dementia where it is often a side effect or a symptom of the underlying disease. The information contained in this article is for informational purposes only and is not intended to constitute medical, legal or financial advice or create a professional relationship between A Place for Mom and the reader. "It's amazing what a liter of IV fluid can do," Hashmi adds. These changes are often permanent and change the course of a person's life. Behavior can include confusion, agitation, withdrawal, fantasy stories, manic episodes, yelling, crying and agitation. Gluten reactions and celiac disease are reactions to gluten in wheat, rye, and barley. I'm a senior care specialist trained to match you with the care option that is best for you. As we age, the liver becomes less efficient at metabolizing toxins and drugs, and the body has a harder time getting rid of these potentially harmful products. Can people with dementia have what they call "show-timer's?". The technical storage or access is required to create user profiles to send advertising, or to track the user on a website or across several websites for similar marketing purposes. E. All of the above What is a reversible condition that could be mistaken for dementia? UTIs are common among women and the elderly. [02] During a major depressive episode, the condition can cause rapidly progressive dementia. It's estimated that about 50% of people age 85 and older have dementia. Diabetes Other routine Alzheimers diagnostics may include a mental cognitive status test, a neurological exam, depression screen and mood assessment, thyroid tests, metabolic screening, and urinalysis, according to the Alzheimers Association. NPH normally occurs spontaneously, but it can also result from head trauma, brain hemorrhage, or meningitis. At worst, they lose the ability to take care of themselves.[1]. They can manifest as memory loss, general sluggishness, a flitting attention span, and depressed or apathetic mood. Per the Alzheimers Association, most Alzheimers patients are at least 65 years old. [7] So someone can have thyroid dysfunctions while having a kind of dementia. Links to third-party websites are only for the convenience of the reader; AgingCare does not endorse the contents of the third-party sites. As POA for my dad, I have a huge decision: Surgery or pain management? However, there are reversible conditions that masquerade as dementia because of their dementia-like cognitive symptoms. Ellison, J. M. (2021, July 15). Prevalence of treatable and reversible dementias: A study in a dementia outpatient clinic. The International Journal of Neuroscience. Family history, poor heart health, and having a head injury can also increase ones likelihood. In a research experiment, C.albicans was injected into mice. Symptoms. Noticing new dementia-like symptoms in a loved one is scary. Dementia, on the other hand, isnt a specific disease. Do Not Sell My Personal Information. Infection C. Medication interactions D. Thyroid problems E. All of the above 4. We all have days like that. The former is a condition where the thyroid gland produces low levels of thyroid hormones, while the latter shows excessive thyroid hormone levels. The link was the strongest in women who inherited the APOE4 gene and area more susceptible to Alzheimers disease. Available from. Often, these include memory loss, where they forget something that was said recently. Chemotherapy Our mission is to help seniors stay independent and healthy for as long as possible. We use cookies to optimize our website and our service. (2022, May 4). Treatment and controlling for depression through lifestyle or other changes can help improve symptoms. People with delirium have an altered awareness that mainly affects their attention. Certain types of dementia, including Alzheimers disease, vascular dementia, Parkinsons disease related dementia, Lewy body dementia, and frontotemporal dementia arent reversible. Signs and symptoms of delirium can include the following [18]: Treatment: If a loved one is experiencing delirium, a visit to the doctor is warranted. This Common Condition Can Easily Be Mistaken for Dementia, Experts Say Conditions that involve cognitive decline, such as Alzheimer'sa progressive disease that is the most common cause. Two common examples are dementia caused by vitamin B12 deficiency or an underactive thyroid (hypothyroidism). Symptoms of vitamin B12 deficiency could include the following: Treatment: Dementia-like symptoms are likely to go away when vitamin B12 levels return to normal with a healthy diet or supplementation. What if it just looked like dementia? Is it? Staying tuned in to your health and that of your loved ones will help you be aware of any of these reversible conditions, so that you can stop the damage and restore brain health to live a long, healthy and happy life. Your blog is one of the best Ive read, do well researched and informative. The fungus penetrated the blood-brain barrier and triggered a type of inflammatory response that created amyloid structures (similar to Alzheimers patients) around the yeasts in the brain. Alzheimers Association. This causes a slowed metabolism, fatigue, and weight gain. It hits you like a speeding truck hanging on worn brakes. TBIs may cause dementia-like symptoms that can include the following[10]: Treatment: Specialized hospital care and inpatient rehabilitation can typically reverse dementia induced by TBI. loss of sense of direction June 1, 2022. . Copyright 2023 A Place for Mom, Inc. All Rights Reserved. Both hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism and hyperthyroidism can lead to memory dysfunction and depression. With depression, however, it is possible to reverse the condition through regular exercise, medication, stress-reduction techniques like prayer, yoga, and medication, as well as cognitive therapy. Atterton, B., Paulino, M. C., Povoa, P., & Martin-Loeches, I. My 81-year-old mom has dementia and is narcissistic. AND IS VERY INTERESTING, AND I M SO HAPPY I READ IT, AND CAN USE THE INFORMATION. Hi! Sleep problems can cause dementia-like symptoms such as trouble focusing, mental fatigue, confusion, and irritability. However, the reality is that the lines blur when we discuss persistent delirium or reversible dementia and one may be mistaken for the other. Dementia doesn't affect the level of consciousness. Many people with a low thyroid will have trouble converting T3 to T4, especially if they have poor gut health. Depending on their location, brain tumors can affect cognitive function and cause confusion, memory loss, and changes in personality. Antibiotics are given to clear up the infection and should be given as soon as possible. The most common forms of dementiaAlzheimers disease, vascular dementia, frontotemporal dementia, and Lewy body dementiaare irreversible and caused by changes in the brain. This causes a slowed metabolism, fatigue, and weight gain. This is because low thyroid hormone levels or hypothyroidism can cause cognitive impairments similar to dementia. Weakened immune system Additionally, delirium causes brain fog and fluctuations between drowsiness and alertness, whereas dementia doesnt affect consciousness. Conditions that can mimic dementia: Symptoms and treatment, How to help a loved one experiencing dementia symptoms, Tolterodineused to treat urinary incontinence, Antipsychoticsused to manage psychosis, especially schizophrenia, Cardiovascular medicationsused to manage heart and blood vessel function, Antispasmodicsused to relieve cramps, muscle spasms, and irritable bowel syndrome, Benzodiazepinesused to treat anxiety or insomnia, Corticosteroidsused to treat inflammation, Inability to concentrate or pay attention, VA Aid and Attendance Benefits for Senior Living, Delirium is commonly mistaken for dementia, The decreasing prevalence of reversible dementias, Is it something Im taking? Medications that can mimic dementia, The cognitive impact of anticholinergics: A clinical review. If left untreated, the bacteria can also move to the kidneys and cause a kidney infection, which becomes even more serious. A Place for Mom is paid by our participating communities, therefore our service is offered at no charge to families. Previously, Nirali worked in social media and marketing, edited a regional senior magazine, and wrote for the American Red Cross. Anti-Anxiety Medications Women are more susceptible to UTIs than men; however, people with in-dwelling catheters, diabetes, or a weak immune system may be more at riskwhether male or female. Some of the natural solutions to candida overgrowth include oregano extract capsules, pau darco tea or capsules, grapefruit seed extract, caprylic acid, curcumin, kombucha tea, probiotics and garlic extract. Niacin deficiency is common in populations that consume large amounts of corn or sorghum, but can occur also as a result of alcoholism or gastrointestinal disease. The candida in the gut actually lives off of sugar and starches, fermenting it to produce energy. You can try to read passages from the "Dementia Praecox . While frequent urination and blood in the urine are common signs, UTI can cause increased agitation, confusion, and even withdrawal. Flavoring water with fruit like lemon, or using smaller, less daunting glasses, might help. Generic Name. In these cases of dementia, it is possible to improve memory outcomes by treating . Food allergies If alcohol abuse is the cause of your loved ones cognitive decline, support their sobriety and consider incorporating healthy lifestyle habits into your loved ones daily routine. The majority (73.3%) were diagnosed with the kind of infection that was already considered sepsis. Infections such as meningitis (inflammation of membranes protecting the brain and the spinal cord) and encephalitis (inflammation of the brain) can affect different brain functions. The classic symptoms of gluten sensitivity show up as bloating, diarrhea, weight loss, cramping and nutrient deficiencies. 51(1), 52-55. Breathing in tiny particles that float around in dirty air can trigger inflammation throughout the body and brain. Prevalence of potentially reversible dementias in a dementia outpatient clinic of a tertiary university-affiliated hospital in Brasil. He has been studying nutrition and exercise for almost 25 years, ever since being a young teenager. Available from: Vasan S, Kumar A. Wernicke Encephalopathy. Is there anything I can do to make her feel better? Mills, B. That's why it is important to report changes in your thinking skills . When in doubt, it may be worth seeing if this is an infection in hiding. Emmady PD, Tadi P. Dementia. 1 Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus WIN-Initiative / Neleman / Getty Images Commonly referred to as "water on the brain," normal pressure hydrocephalus (NPH) is a condition where extra spinal fluid gets trapped in the brain instead of traveling through the brain and to the spinal column. However, for some people the decline can . However, its important to remember that just because a senior has dementia-like symptoms, it doesnt mean they actually have dementia. Your email address will not be published. Did you know that older women who live in areas where air pollution is worse are 92% more likely to develop dementia than those who live in areas with cleaner air, according to a 2017 study. The decreasing prevalence of reversible dementias. Some . link to Senior Living Frequently Asked Questions About Housing Options, link to Senior Living Tips For Moving To A New Community. If youre caring for a loved one with dementia at home, consider exploring AgingCares online support group for caregivers for helpful tips and advice. Severe depression when untreated can cause " pseudodementia ". Short-term, in-home care or monitoring may also help the patient get back on their feet. Strong odor to the urine. Antihistamines ). even if the test for celiac disease is negative. To alleviate and even reverse symptoms, make sure your loved one receives professional vision and hearing tests. For every ONE case of celiac disease diagnosed, 6.4 cases of gluten intolerance remain undiagnosedmany with NO obvious GI symptoms at all. A good nights sleep is critical for healthy brain function. Your loved one may be diagnosed with new conditions, be prone to more infections, and begin to depend on multiple medications. Lab work is vital for anyone showing these symptoms, especially an aging person. It can also cause speech problems, changes in mood and behavior, headache, nausea, and vision problems. Its a disorder caused by complex brain changes. The most common irreversible types of dementia are as follows: Alzheimer's disease Vascular dementia Lewy body dementia Parkinson's disease Frontotemporal dementia Huntington's disease Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease Chronic traumatic encephalopathy Pick's disease National Institute of Health. 6. A 2016 study published in JAMA Neurology shows brain imaging that detects how anti-cholinergic drugs impact the brain. Other symptoms include fatigue, joint pain, weakness, clumsiness, headache, blurred vision, memory problems, confusion, disorientation, mood swings, slurring of words and dizziness. This list shows medications that have been shown to cause or are suspected of causing symptoms of dementia. One of the more cost effective and reliable means of testing your home is with mold growth plates which can be purchased online. For years my thyroid test (TSH) came back normal. The standard test for celiac disease, looks for a reaction to ONE specific gliadin, alpha gliadin and tissue transglutaminase, tTG-2. Early diagnosis and proper treatment of these diseases can help prevent dementia-like symptoms from worsening and, in some cases, reverse the symptoms altogether. General hypothyroidism can be tested by a simple TSH test, but this should not be the only test performed. It's Not Necessarily Alzheimer's More than 50 conditions can cause or mimic the symptoms of dementia, and a small percentage of dementias are reversible.
