The "frozen" eutectic has a composition of Austenite solid solution (Of composition E) and Iron Carbide. (D) SO2 E) PF5, H-C=C-HWhat is the hybridization of the carbon atoms in a molecule of ethyne, represented above? Which of the following diagrams best represents the particle-level structure of steel? The amount of carbon in cast iron is also enough to form free graphite which steel does not have. The composition of steel is primarily accounted for by iron (usually accounts for at least 75% of the alloys weight). Which of the following best helps explain why the electronegativity of Cl is less than that of F? A c.) 5f Omissions? steel, alloy of iron and carbon in which the carbon content ranges up to 2 percent (with a higher carbon content, the material is defined as cast iron). msbuild version check; change management presentation examples; guy fieri restaurants pittsburgh menu One element is an alkali metal, X, and the other element is a halogen, Z. which of the following is the most valid scientific claim that can be made about the compound. Steel is an interstitial alloy made from Carbon and iron atoms. Explaining alloy hardness In the solid state, a pure metal has a giant metallic structure. Metalloid a. Plus, that was a really good link. Introduction. Cooling steel with a lower carbon content (e.g., 0.25 percent) results in a microstructure containing about 50 percent pearlite and 50 percent ferrite; this is softer than pearlite, with a DPH of about 130. Alloy steels - As well as iron and carbon, alloy steels contain one or more other elements, such as chromium, copper, manganese, nickel, silicon, or vanadium. (C) O2-, S2-, Cl- To understand heat treatment of steels requires an ability to understand the Fe-C phase diagram shown in Figure 6-1. Synthetic Biology Companies, The large white particles are arranged in a square lattice. two pure elements react to form a compound. Steel is made by adding iron to carbon which hardens the iron. If youwant any, A:e = charge of an electron, m= mass of electron At "O" the Alloy consists entirely of Austenite. This is a hold-over from centuries ago when it was not known about the amount of carbon in the metal. Duraluminum (duralumin) is an alloy containing about 4.4% copper, 1.5% magnesium, 0.6% manganese and 93.5% aluminium by mass. The A-B-C line indicates that solidification temperatures decrease as the carbon content of an iron melt is increased. Can be deposited from Austenite as it cools. although the molar mass of KCl is greater than that of KF, the density of KCl is actually less than that if KF. To simulate the 9 at% FeCr alloy, two of the Cr atoms are placed in the two bottommost atomic layers (maximally far from each other). Study the production and structural forms of iron from ferrite and austenite to the alloy steel. (H for the phase change H2O(g) H2O(l) is -44 kJ mol. The remaining Austenite deposits Iron and Carbide of Iron side by side to form the eutectoid of Iron. b. Whats the lowest carbon content you can get, but also without a lot of other alloying elements? CH3CH2OH boils at 78 C and CH3OCH3 boils at - 24 C, although both compounds have the same composition. C) H2O Cooling further, a dramatic change takes place at about 727 C (1,341 F) when the austenite crystals transform into a fine lamellar structure consisting of alternating platelets of ferrite and iron carbide. past wbt radio personalities; embassy suites by hilton phoenix biltmore; canton mckinley high school yearbooks; how to show spotify on lock screen pixel Ground state electronic configuration of O. As an indication of the relative importance of this material, in 2013 the worlds raw steel production was about 1.6 billion tons, while production of the next most important engineering metal, aluminum, was about 47 million tons. Steel is an interstitial alloy made from Carbon and iron atoms. The white dots in the red circles are attributed to single iron atoms. Rusting of iron is an example of corrosion. They write new content and verify and edit content received from contributors. Steel is an alloy consisting of Fe with a small amount of C. Elemental Cr can be added to steel to make the steel less likely to rust: Cr atoms react with oxygen in the air to form a nonreactive layer of chromium oxide . (D) An ionic solid Q:66. Silicon dioxide, SiO2, 8. Types of hybridization exhibited by the C atoms in propene, CH3CHCH2, include which of the following? 2. J.J.Thomson was able to determine the e/m ratio by, Q:Calculate the energy difference inthe electron when it goes from ann= 5 energy level to ann= 2, Q:Which of the atoms listed below has the largest radius? O = Fe Fe = Fe, General Chemistry - Standalone book (MindTap Course List). The London (dispersion) forces are weakest for which of the following gases under the same conditions of temperature and pressure? sp3, The atom that contains exactly two unpaired electrons. Nevertheless, in terms of a multicomponent alloy, atoms whose energy state is affected least by the surface are segregated to the liquid surface region. endstream endobj startxref This is because this nail is an alloy of iron with carbon, chromium and nickel. steel is an alloy containing Fe atoms the atoms. B) NH3 arby's mint chocolate shake allergens; milton hershey accomplishments; the invisible life of addie larue special edition; steel is an alloy containing fe atoms and c atoms. 1) two atoms of one element, Q:The number of electrons in the highest energy level of 20Ca is Group of answer choices (B) BrCl The atoms of Ca-38 and Ca-40 differ with respect to ?? A) nitrogen B). The nucleus of 6Li is a powerful absorber of neutrons. Steel with carbon content less than 0.78 wt% C is hypoeutectoid and greater than 0.78 wt% C is hypereutectoid. Q:MCQ 13: The region around the nucleus which can be filled with one or two electrons is known as For Steel the final Grain size is affected by the temperature of the steel before cooling started. what accounts for the difference in polarity? A special application of isothermal hardening is called patenting and is used for steel wire. steel is an alloy containing fe atoms and c atoms. Thanks, this is a great explanation! In ground state 5A group, there are, Q:The spheres below represent atoms of Sb, As, P, and N (not necessarily in that order). d. 6 hWnId~P0 6JQd6=H{NK:]+ 8Q1&e\p configuration 'ns?np4 is: is very reactive as a metal The possible answer here will be option B. Nickel [Ni] + Copper [Cu] = Alloy 400 (Monel ) Iron [Fe] + Nickel [Ni] + Chromium [Cr] + Molybdenum [Mo] = 316 Austenitic Stainless Steel. based on this information, which of the following diagrams best represent an alloy containing only copper and zinc atoms. We have to calculate the the approximate neutron to proton ratio. 2 234 0 obj <>stream What is the maximum number of electrons that can occupy each of the following energy levels?, A:Maximum number of electrons that can occupy in a particular energy level can be calculated using, Q:What is the maximum possible number of electrons in the ground state of cobalt, Co, that can have, A:We have to calculate the number of electronsin ground state of Cobalt( Co) that have magnetic, Q:1. Sr Of the following single bonds, which is the LEAST polar? olyatomic A) HCN Create an account to follow your favorite communities and start taking part in conversations. Figure 6.7B.1: Different atomic mechanisms of alloy formation, showing pure metal, substitutional, and interstitial structures. As we discussed earlier shows the viewing screen in a double-slit experiment with monochromatic light. from Wikipedia. By far the most widely used material for building the worlds infrastructure and industries, it is used to fabricate everything from sewing needles to oil tankers. 8.38QP, Your question is solved by a Subject Matter Expert. Steel is generally referred to as "carbon" steel, because it is a combination of iron atoms interspersed with carbon atoms. , (l) + ___O2(g) --> ___CO2(g) + ___H2O(g), Use the following information to answer the following question: How many resonance structures can be drawn for O3? Even though carbon, a nonmetal, is a crucial component of steel, the constituents of alloys are typically themselves metals. Which of the following statements accounts for the diffrence in polarity of the two molecules? A written paragraph su copper and zinc atoms have the same atomic radius 135 picometers. The major component of steel is iron, a metal that in its pure state is not much harder than copper. 30 for which of the following molecules are resonance structures necessary to describe the bonding satisfactorily? Q:1. Reveal answer. the potential energy as a function of internuclear distance for three diatomic molecules, X, Y, Z is shown in the graph above. Composition of 100 g of carbon steel; element % mass (g) = % mass of steel (g) carbon : 1%: treated alloy steels contain 0.30 to 0.40% C. Carbon has two characteristics that account for its power-ful effects from such small amounts: It is very low in density, so therefore a great number of atoms are present in small amounts (by weight), and its , pporting your claim about chemical reactions B. N The MEA investigated in the present work has a nominal at higher temperatures than) single-solid-phase- (c)[2 pts] The number of atoms in the unit cell (show your work!). Non-Alloy Steel. Ti and its alloys, Co-Cr alloys, and stainless steel are the most common choices for use . the diagram above shows two resonance structures for a molecule of C6H6. Which of the following is a nonpolar molecule that contains polar bonds? Find answers to questions asked by students like you. (E) CaCl2, According to the VSEPR model, the progressive decrease in the bond angles in the series of molecules CH4, NH3, and H2O is best accounted for by the Beitrags-Autor: Beitrag verffentlicht: 22. lincoln tunnel traffic live. The carbon atoms can take up two positions. neutrons A) Zeff, Q:8.43 Indicate which one of the two species in each The carbon atoms are very small and can fit, with some distortion, into the larger gaps between the iron atoms. [Ne] 3s, A:Electronic configuration refers to the systematic arrangement of electrons in the various shells and. "FERRITE" Iron precipitated from Austenite as it cools. hb```,@( Legal. steel is an alloy containing fe atoms and c atoms By On June 22, 2022 In finding ohana filming locations waterfall perseus foe crossword clue on steel is an alloy containing fe atoms and c atoms the answer is the one with Fe as the big molecules and see as a small ones. Which of the following diagrams best represents the particle-level structure of steel? will zalatoris putter specs. (A) SiCl4 + O ----> Ba, A:The atom having smallest atomic size will have small atomic radius. D) CH4 1. Calculate the radius of the copper atom, given that copper has an fcc crystalstructure, a density of 8.89 g/cm3, and an atomic mass of 63.55 g/mole. A:Step : 1 the BF3 molecule is nonpolar, whereas the NF3 molecule is polar. D) NO2 Which of the following compounds is ionic and contains both sigma and pi covalent bonds? consists of diatomic molecules in elemental form C) CuCl Se. So steel and cast are related by being irons. With stringent quality control measures, expert-led instruction, and authorized sales and service center support, Swagelok offers unmatched expertise in the worlds toughest environments. Hydrogen embrittlement (HE) has been a common and serious issue in many metal materials. 30 Professor of Egyptology, Oriental Institute and Department of Near Eastern Languages and Civilizations, University of Chicago. (A) increasing strength of the bonds Influence of Temperature on Crystal Structure. Accessibility StatementFor more information contact us atinfo@libretexts.orgor check out our status page at https://status.libretexts.org. Start your trial now! Layers of atoms slide over each other when metals are bent or stretched. 1, A:To solve this problem we have to write the electronic configuration of each elements or ions given, Q:In a single atom, what is the maximum number of electrons which can have quantum numbern= 4?, Q:1. Steel contains atoms of other elements as well as iron. At 25 C and 1 atm, has molecules with a pyramidal shape. 1S22S22P63S23P64S2 Today, the most important are the alloy steels, broadly defined as steels containing significant amounts of elements other than iron and carbon. For pure iron this change occurs at 910 C. The body-centred cubic (bcc) crystals of Figure 2 change to face-centred cubic (fcc) crystals as illustrated in Figure 3. For further information regarding Particle structure of alloys, kindly refer, This site is using cookies under cookie policy . According to the VSEPR model, the progressive decrease in the bond angles in the series of molecules CH4, NH3, and H2O is best accounted for by the, increasing the number of unshared pairs of electrons, The best explanation for the fact that diamond is extremely hard is that diamond crystals, are giant molecules in which each atom forms strong covalent bonds with all of its neighboring atoms. In stainless steel, the atoms are all iron. (a) quantum nature of electricity, A:a)the energy is packaged in small units known as photos or contact your photo or quantum of energy, Q:What is the identity of the element with the following electron configuration: Fe 7.2x13.5x2=16.0,14.4x1+7.0x2=31.0, Is used to explain the fact that the carbon-to-carbon bonds in benzene, C6H6, are identical, according to the VSEPR model, the progressive decrease in the bond angles in the series of molecules CH4 and NH3 and H2O is best accounted for by the, increasing number of unshared pairs of electrons, copper atoms and zinc atoms have the same atomic radius, 135 picometers. copper and zinc atoms have the same atomic radius 135 picometers. The following is an electron transfer reaction between two atoms: Upload your Matter Interactions Portfolio. In the face-centred cubic (fcc) arrangement, there is one additional iron atom at the centre of each of the six faces of the unit cube. d) Co+2= [Ar] 3d(7). Which of the following diagrams best represents the particle-level structure of steel? Which of the following diagrams best represents the particle-level structure of steel? Chromium is among metals which segregates onto an alloy surface. On the basis of coulombs law. A:The given elements are Nitrogen, iron, argon and Phosphorus. The lithium metal remaining afterremoval of 6Li was sold on the market. core, A:Since you have asked multiple questions, we will solve the first question for you. Negative electrons are attracted to the, Q:IF an unknown element has an atomic (C) A molecular solid with hydrogen bonding 7.2x13.5x2=16.0,14.4x1+7.0x2=31.07.2x_1-3.5x_2=16.0, -14.4_x1+7.0x_2=31.0 4. Atomic Number The composition of steel is primarily accounted for by iron (usually accounts for at least 75% of the alloys weight). Q:what is the binding energy of an electron in a photosensitive metal (in kJ/mol) if the longest, A:Thebindingenergyistheenergythatwouldhaveneededtobesuppliedbyanincominglight, Q:Which one of the elements below has a single atom as its representative particle? steel is an alloy containing fe atoms and c atoms. As we said Steel is an interstitial alloy, not a substitutional. Important for the uniqueness of steel is the allotropy of ironthat is, its existence in two crystalline forms. Describes Iron Carbon Steel Alloys, the effects of cooling rates on their Strength; Ductility and Crystalography, Last Modified: 3 Dec 09 @ 20:42 Page Rendered: 2023-01-22 22:34:07. unlike BF3, NF3 has a polar geometry due to an unshared pair of electrons on the N atom. As we said Steel is an interstitial alloy, not a substitutional. increasing number of unshared pairs of electrons copper atoms and zinc atoms have the same atomic radius, 135 picometers. B, A:Ionization energy of an atom is defined as the energy required to remove an electron from its, Q:In each of the following pairs, indicate which one of the two species is larger: Q:How many electrons in an atom can have the following designations? Smaller Grain Size ( Except in Special circumstances) is always associated with increased toughness and strength. Steel is an interstitial alloy that is made of carbon and iron. So, the element, Q:How many unpaired electrons are present in the ground state of an atom from each of the following, A:a. answer choices Question 16 120 seconds Q. For fcc crystals the atoms of iron are on the cube corners and at the centres of each face of the cube. What is the initial speed of the first child? (a) What are thecompositions of the nuclei of 6Li and 7Li? two and three, Q:1. which of the following Lewis diagrams best represents the bonding in the N2O molecule, considering formal charge? With the interstitial mechanism, one atom is usually much smaller than the other, so cannot successfully replace an atom in the crystals of the base metal. Juni 2022; Beitrags-Kategorie: abandoned mansion with everything inside Beitrags-Kommentare: michelle snow foundation michelle snow foundation Consider the atomic radii of both carbon and iron and draw a model that describes the alloy that forms. Electronic configuration (C) PCl3 DETAILS Multivalent This is the maximum solubility of carbon in austenite, anything above that and you will have carbides or graphite at all points during the solidification process and there is no heat treat possible that removes them. C) OF e., A:Calcium atomic number is 20 Which of the following elements combines with oxygen to form a covalent network solid? And how did we find this out? Note that the bottom axis has steel and cast iron labeled so that is the basics of answering your question, below 2.06 % carbon the alloy is called steel, above that it is cast iron. Beyond that, you can also see that there are many phases of steel availible with different temperature / carbon concentrations. (B) decreasing size of the central atom Please contact the submission author. In general, alloy steel is steel that is alloyed with a variety of elements in total amounts between 1.0% and 50% by weight to improve its mechanical The carbon atoms can take up two positions. In its pure form, iron is soft and generally not useful as an engineering material; the principal method of strengthening it and converting it into steel is by adding small amounts of carbon. A) sp Of the following pure substances, which has the highest melting point? Which of the following diagrams represents the particle level structure of Steel? Tool steels These are especially hard alloy steels used to make tools, dies, and machine parts. reacts vigorously with alkali metals to form salts Of the following single bonds, which is the LEAST polar? The possible answer here will be option B. H-C----C-H If the iron is cooled slowly, the carbon atoms will be forced out of solution, into the spaces between the crystals. The initial speed upwards of the second child is 4.0m/s4.0 \mathrm{~m} / \mathrm{s}4.0m/s. in zero net force, contrary to the surface atoms experiencing a net inward force from atoms below. answer choices Steel contains atoms of other elements as well as iron. convention on the rights of the child citation oscola; fran finney net worth; cia gateway experience documents; landstar agent salary; torture a ragdoll; From this point down, the iron crystals are all in an austenitici.e., fccarrangement and contain all of the carbon in solid solution. (D) bent 1. AskEngineers is a forum for questions about the technologies, standards, and processes used to design & build these systems, as well as for questions about the engineering profession and its many disciplines. Carbon atoms fill the spaces between iron atom, making the structure % more rigid. The terminology isn't totally perfect since that terminology predates our understanding of elements, atoms, and crystals that we now understand define these materials. (B) C2H4 The Constitution Of Iron Carbon Alloys. 13108/imgmetalurgy_6.jpg cannot be found in /users/13108/imgmetalurgy_6.jpg. ~tXzQ~|TJwH^L-J* qh/c `hb/Gl msV~0X2aEc5;%$GOcv d. Suppose the wavelength of the light is 500nm500 \mathrm{~nm}500nm. d.) 5px 1p The molecule with the largest dipole moment This difference in boiling points may be attributed to a difference in, In a molecule in which the central atom exhibits sp3d2 hybrid orbitals, the electron pairs are directed toward the corners of, Is used to explain why the boiling point of HF is greater than the boiling point of HBr, The SbCl5 molecule has trigonal bipyramid structure. Tool steels - These are especially hard alloy steels used to make tools, dies, and machine parts. 1) If Carbon in Cast Iron is in the form of Carbide we have "White Cast Iron". And, the sequence of all quantum numbers is = 5,1,0,+1/2, Q:Which element has the following configuration:[Xe]6s24f75d1[Xe]6s24f75d1? Please contact the submission author. So option D is not possible. The following is an electron transfer reaction between two atoms: If, however, the steel is heated then cooled quickly (quenched) the molecules cannot rearrange and the steel stays A2 to room temp. = C A O = Fe Fe Fe Transcribed Image Text: B) = Fe O = C = Fe = Fe O = Fe Expert Solution Want to see the full answer? In the figure, there is the ironiron carbide (FeFe3C) phase diagram. Ping G Irons Weights Falling Out, Thus option c cannot be the structure. Floreal International Ltd, Pi () bonding occurs in each of the following species EXCEPT What are the most important alloys today? steel, alloy of iron and carbon in which the carbon content ranges up to 2 percent (with a higher carbon content, the material is defined as cast iron). Molten steel containing, for example, a carbon content of 0.77 percent (shown by the vertical dashed line in the figure) begins to solidify at about 1,475 C (2,660 F) and is completely solid at about 1,400 C (2,550 F). 3d 2s A crystal is a well-ordered arrangement of atoms that can best be pictured as spheres touching one another. Iron is a metal element, and carbon is a nonmetal element. Carbon is always present in metallic alloys, i.e. In Step 3, carbon ions are generated and irradiated onto the substrate surface using an arc plasma gun. It can keep a sharp cutting edge. (C) A molecular solid with hydrogen bonding of the following pairs is smaller: (a) Cl or Cl;, A:Since you have posted a question with multiple sub-parts, we will solve first three subpartsfor you., Q:Examine the following three diagrams. Is the free graphite phenomenon part of the reason that cast iron can be brittle and when it breaks you get that very rough, I dare say crystalline, fracture surface? A) NH The following are the three features of adding Carbon to Iron: Steel is a crystaline substance containing less than 1.5% Carbon. Is used to explain why iodine molecules are held together in the solid state, Is used to explain the fact that the four bonds in methane are equivalent. Cu + O --- Steel is an alloy consisting of Fe with a small amount of C. Elemental Cr can be added to steel to make the steel less likely to rust; Cr atoms react with oxygen in the air to form a nonreactive layer of chromium oxide on the surface of the steel, preventing the oxidation of underlying Fe atoms. Composition of 100 g of carbon steel; element % mass (g) = % mass of steel (g) carbon : 1%: Atoms in a metal are packed tightly in layers and held by strong metallic bonds. B) KCl Steel is a crystaline substance containing less than 1.5% Carbon. Cast iron has lots (>2%) of carbon and doesn't behave like steel. 11. Q:3. It was almost like shifting gears. I have a knife which is A2 steel. Q:(Q70) Identify all of the following to which the electron configuration shown her Given the tablulated value of 0.99 for the atomic radius of Cl, predict the atomic radius of Bi? Question: Steel is an alloy containing Fe atoms and Catoms. Ag + O ----> Ag2+ + O- The liquefied hydrogen halides have the normal boiling points given above. Which of the following diagrams best represents the particle-level structure of steel? The Ta mapping indicated successful incorporation with some agglomerated regions . Remember to Include the following item. A:To find: Itexists in the naturally occurring metal to the extent of7.5%. The presence of carbon atoms will make the steel stronger than iron but does not prevent it from rusting. 13108/img_metallurgy_4.jpg cannot be found in /users/13108/img_metallurgy_4.jpg. (E) The number of nearest neighbors increases. The melting point of MgO is higher than that of NaF. The properties listed above that would apply to (NH4)2CO3 would be what Explain why steel, which is an alloy of iron, is harder than pure iron. In addition, the tools required to build and manufacture such articles are also made of steel. B) O3 III. (b) The atomicmasses of 6Li and 7Li are 6.015122 and 7.016004 amu, respectively.A sample of lithium depleted in the lighter isotopewas found on analysis to contain 1.442% 6Li. 2,8,8,2, Q:Which of the following atoms has the greatest difference between IE3and IE4? Al The following are properties or characteristics of different chemicals compounds: In which of the following processes are covalent bonds broken? It is commonly used in the manufacturing of machine tools, drills, blades, taps, and springs. CCl4, CO2, PCl3, PCl5, SF6 Which of the following does not describe any of the molecules above? Iron from the blast furnace is an alloy of about 96 percent iron, with carbon and some other impurities. B) sp2 Copy. Below 770 C (1,420 F), iron is ferromagnetic; the temperature above which it loses this property is often called the Curie point. B Which of the following states that the electrons in an atom fill lower- . from Wikipedia. C) Cl2 * 2. steel is an alloy containing fe atoms and c atoms Layers of atoms slide over each other when metals are bent or stretched. At what speed must a neutron travel to have a wavelength of 10.6 pm? a) N-3 or F-1 What is the hybridization of the carbon atom in a molecule of ethyne, represented above? The holes present in the metal lattice are generally the spaces present between the metal atoms. This arrangement forms what is known as an interstitial solid solution: the carbon is located in the interstices of the iron crystal. 0 is one of the group of the least reactive elements The, Q:Fill the three 3d subshells with the specified number of electrons. Ferritic Stainless Steel: Fe-Cr-(Mo) alloys In ferritic grades, carbon is kept to low levels (C<0.08%) and the chromium content can . I. Mg2+ is more positively charged than Na+. Option . In the statistical theory of the ordering of carbon atoms in the z sublattice of martensite, the most important role is played by the parameter of the strain interaction of carbon atoms 0, which determines the critical temperature of the bccbct transition. In metabolism, the carbon atoms in the fatty acids are oxidised, producing acetyl-CoA molecules. Well, if the metal is heated to >750C and then cooled to room temperature slowly, the molecules would rearrange to alpha ferrite steel and it would be brittle. orbitals. 1 point (A) The London (dispersion) forces increase. b. Which of the following claims about the compound that forms the C and Se is most likely to be true? Jinja2 If Not Equal, the particle-level diagram represents the structure of solid KF. 50 with outer-shell electronic Steel is an alloy, a mixture of different substances. (B) The hydrogen bonding increases. How can a kitchen knife be A2 steel at room temperture (22C)? In solid steel, carbon is generally found in two forms. Free Carbon is present in Cast Iron. 223 0 obj <>/Filter/FlateDecode/ID[<8580F06B040D6C4DAC83E615D8BA54E9>]/Index[205 30]/Info 204 0 R/Length 86/Prev 565248/Root 206 0 R/Size 235/Type/XRef/W[1 2 1]>>stream Our editors will review what youve submitted and determine whether to revise the article. 4. Steel is an alloy containing Fe atoms and Catoms. Median response time is 34 minutes for paid subscribers and may be longer for promotional offers. 4 Get a Britannica Premium subscription and gain access to exclusive content. For Steel the Carbon must be present as Iron Carbide. the orderly arrangement of atoms in the lattice and prevents them from sliding over each . A:The quantum numbers are useful in describing the electronic configuration in an atom and the, Q:Which particle diagram represents a

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