Maternal and infant mortality rates are among the lowest in the world, making Japan one of the safest places to have a baby. Abstract Determining the elements of culturally competent health care is an important goal for nurses. To provide financial support to families, Japan offers maternity vouchers (, ninsanpu-hoken-hiy-hojoken) to expecting mothers. Why cultural awareness matters in pregnancy care | Your Pregnancy sharing sensitive information, make sure youre on a federal They interpret this as good practice that is beneficial to them in some way or another. Doing so was believed to aid in the closing of the fontanelle, as well as facilitate the healing of sores in the vulva of female babies. http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0266613817302012?via%3Dihub#! Some of the foods mentioned were included ripped plantain, okra and oranges. Semi-structured FGD and IDI guides were used to collect data for this study. The study relied on the Social Cognitive Theory (SCT) foundations developed by Albert Bandura, a psychologist (Bandura, Citation2005). Thematic data analysis process consists of three interrelated stages namely data reduction, data display and data conclusion-drawing or verification (Miles & Huberman, Citation1994). For three weeks after childbirth, it is traditional for the new mother to recover in her parents' home, staying in bed. Midwifery. Postpartum haemorrhage for instance, is one of the leading causes of maternal deaths in Ghana and most of these deaths have occurred due to delays in referral or seeking health care. Maintaining health during pregnancy and postpartum involves many things that should be done as well as many things that should be avoided. Cultural meaning of pregnancy and childbirth among Mexican-American women 2.6. All the interviews were moderated by the lead author. Sharma S, van Teijlingen E, Hundley V, Angell C, Simkhada P. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth. The findings of this study that the use of herbs during labour to facilitate the process was a common practice among women. Pregnancy and Childbirth in Cebu: Implications for Public Health - Jstor All pregnant women are required to pick up a kraampakket that includes all of the medical supplies needed for a home birth. After delivery, they go for some herbs to prepare Abedru so that the breast milk will come (Woman with baby under five years, FGD). A participant shared her views as follows: Males are stubborn, when you are pregnant and the baby is a male, you will often suffer and your feet become swollen and you cannot even walk (Elderly woman, IDI). Womens maternal health choices during pregnancy and delivery directly influence maternal and neonatal morbidity and mortality (Evans, Citation2013). It is said that it helps women to have easy and smooth delivery (Elderly woman, FGD). The following quotes are reflections of those views: Sometimes when you go for them and you later on decide to give birth and want to take it out, it can break your womb and render you barren (Woman with under five child, FGD). Culture plays a major role in the way a woman perceives and prepares for her birthing experience. This according to participants was to protect the baby from evil people in the community. The SCT proposes that behaviour change describes a dynamic, ongoing process in which personal factors, environmental factors, and human behaviour exert influence on each other. Consultation hours also differ; notably, not all places offer appointments at the weekend. On Fertile Ground: Latina Health Beliefs During Pregnancy To explore Korean beliefs and attitudes towards pregnancy, birth and postpartum practices: . This will often go away so we do not seek medical attention for it (Elderly woman, FGD). Pregnancy providers should be open-minded and get to know their patients situations and preferences without making assumptions. However, in phenomenological research, the participants perceptions, feelings, and lived experiences are paramount and are the object of study (Wertz, Citation2005). It used to be the case that families would need to pay the full medical costs of childbirth directly to the medical institution where the mother gave birth, but in 2011 a direct payment system was introduced which allows the medical institution to claim the childbirth lump-sum allowance on your behalf, thus reducing the burden of an otherwise large payment. These beliefs lead to the adoption of certain practices, most of which have negative effects on mother and baby. Global Health and Human Rights for a Postpandemic World. Purposive sampling is a non-probabilistic sampling procedure where researchers choose the sample based on who they think are appropriate for the study (Green & Thorogood, Citation2004). Some participants were of the view that yellowish discoloration of the eyes and palms of the baby are normal and will often resolve with time. Cultural beliefs can influence women's use of formal maternal health care services. As directed by Maynard and Purvis (Citation1994), participants listening to tapes after interviews is an important step in qualitative data analysis even though it is frequently overlooked. Pregnancy is acknowledged but not celebrated. You can now start your regular checkups. This needs to be written by the referring doctor and will cost about 3,000. Protecting pregnancy from evil forces resulted in the practice of confinement and consequently late initiation of antenatal care. ), as well as the following items: Unless you have your own transport, youre going to be relying on a taxi to get you to the hospital. Traditional beliefs and practices in pregnancy, childbirth and Clipboard, Search History, and several other advanced features are temporarily unavailable. For example, I recall a patient who was in labor with a premature baby. ), but these should be covered under your general health insurance. Further, hospitals and clinics in Japan offer different levels of service, from the hotel-like treatment with your own separate room at the private hospitals to a more standard level of care elsewhere. That notwithstanding, participants also agreed that generally, there was the need for one to space the children. A comparison of beliefs about exercise during pregnancy between Chinese After each interview session, the recording was replayed to participants to listen and to make the necessary additions, subtractions, and clarifications deemed necessary. Despite the well-established benefits of exercise during pregnancy, many women remain inactive. Local knowledge and derived practices of safety during pregnancy, childbirth and postpartum: a qualitative study among nurse-midwives in urban eastern Tanzania. Design: Postpartum care is called omugwo, a key component of which is babys first bath, given to him by his grandmother (or, if shes unavailable, an aunt or close friend). PDF Multicultural Clinical Support Resource - Cultural dimensions of A total of 74 articles are included in this review; 20 articles related to pregnancy, 44 to childbirth, and 45 to postpartum. The issuance of a residence card for your child typically takes 14 days (the card will not show your childs photograph so you do not need to prepare one for the application). Consequently, when women are pregnant and the size of the uterus appears bigger in comparison with the number of months of pregnancy, then it meant that a male child was expected. The following quotes reflect these views: I give them food, starting from the fourth month because my breast milk is small. However, neonates with these conditions may not have access to good medical care because of the mandatory confinement as a way of protecting the baby against evil eyes. Parents have to stick to a list of accepted names approved by the government when filling out a birth certificate. All participants signed an informed consent form before participation. and transmitted securely. Just ask any foreign woman who has given birth in Japan. If your proposed name is rejected by the Standesamt, the office of vital statistics, you have to submit another one, and pay a fee each time. Most Japanese women aim to deliver their baby sans painkillers, an ancient belief that stems from the Buddhist belief that labor pains must be endured as a test to prepare for the difficulties of motherhood. Private hospitals and clinics are essentially the same thing (the distinction is one of size in terms of number of beds). During this period, friends visit and eat the celebratory red rice and red bean dish osekihan. So, we have to give them soft food after some week (Elderly woman, FGD). It is for that reason that a participant indicated the choice for people to utilise the TBA outlets. The CS is because of lack of sex during pregnancy (Woman with child under five year, FGD). Beyond that, medical institutions are chosen based on word-of-mouth, reputation, proximity to home, and so on. This is because some women choose to give birth at hospitals different to their regular check-up place because, for example, they want to travel back to their hometown to give birth so that they can be closer to their parents. The West tried to isolate Russia. Your subscription plan doesn't allow commenting. 10,000 to15,000 for the first health check-up which includes multiple blood tests. These maternity vouchers are essentially discount vouchers which can be used at the hospitals and clinics to reduce the cost of the regular check-ups during pregnancy. Register a free Taylor & Francis Online account today to boost your research and gain these benefits: Socio-cultural beliefs and practices during pregnancy, child birth, and postnatal period: A qualitative study in Southern Ghana, 1 World Health Organization Country Office for Ghana, Ghana;2 Department of Social and Behavioural Sciences, School of Public Health, College of Health Sciences, University of Ghana, Legon, Ghana, Cultural beliefs and practices of women influencing home births in rural Northern Ghana, Global, regional, and national levels and trends in maternal mortality between 1990 and 2015, with scenario-based projections to 2030: A systematic analysis by the un Maternal Mortality Estimation Inter-Agency Group, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(15)00838-7, Maternal death in rural Ghana: A case study in the Upper East region of Ghana, Social cognitive theory: An agentic perspective, Beyond symptom recognition: Care-seeking for ill newborns in rural Ghana, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3156.2007.01981.x, Community-based interventions for improving perinatal and neonatal health outcomes in developing countries: A review of the evidence, Maternal care practices among the ultra poor households in rural Bangladesh: A qualitative exploratory study, Causes of neonatal deaths in a rural subdistrict of Bangladesh: Implications for intervention, Qualitative research designs: Selection and implementation, Time to initiation of breastfeeding and neonatal mortality and morbidity: A systematic review, https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2458-13-S3-S19, A review of cultural influence on maternal mortality in the developing world, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.midw.2012.04.002, A two-year review of uterine rupture in a regional hospital, Healthcare in Low-resource Settings: The individual perspective, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-79061-9_2695, Huge poor-rich inequalities in maternity care: An international comparative study of maternity and child care in developing countries, Contextual social cognition and the behavioral variant of frontotemporal dementia, https://doi.org/10.1212/WNL.0b013e3182518375, An intervention involving traditional birth attendants in Pakistan, Every newborn: Progress, priorities, and potential beyond survival, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(14)60496-7, Cultural childbirth practices and beliefs in Zambia, https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2648.2003.02709.x, Perception of care in Zambian women attending community antenatal clinics, The Ghana community-based health planning and services initiative for scaling up service delivery innovation, Orthodox versus unorthodox care: A qualitative study on where rural women seek healthcare during pregnancy and childbirth in Southwest, Nigeria, Food prohibitions and other traditional practices in pregnancy: A Qualitative study in Western Region of Ghana, The effect of community nurses and health volunteers on child mortality: The Navrongo community health and family planning project, https://doi.org/10.1080/14034940701349225, Nyo dua hli30 days confinement: Traditions and changed childbearing beliefs and practices among Hmong women in Australia, Maternal mortality in Ghana: The other side, Committing to child survival A promise renewed, Phenomenological research methods for counseling psychology, https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-0167.52.2.167, Local understandings of vulnerability and protection during the neonatal period in Sylhet district, Bangladesh: A qualitative study, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(05)66836-5. Between 1st and 2nd birth a) If pregnancy wastage occurred abortion 27.5 30.9 stillbirth 33.0 b) If no pregnancy . . Childbirth traditions and cultural perceptions of safety in Nepal: critical spaces to ensure the survival of mothers and newborns in remote mountain villages. The length of validity on your childs residence card will depend on your status as the applicant. And it all starts with effective patient-doctor communication. The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the So this time when I was pregnant I never moved outside the house and I have had successful birth at home (Postnatal woman, IDI). The transcripts were imported into NVivo 11 for windows for analysis. For example, not all places can offer painless delivery (an epidural injection during labor to relieve pain); others have more advanced ultrasound technology, and so on. Another reason cited was the belief that babies get thirsty with time and therefore, there was the need to provide them with water. During labour, we also give it the delivery is delaying. During the elaborate ceremony, the placenta is cleaned, put in a sealed container, wrapped in white cloth and then buried outside of the home. The study found that some mothers prefer to give birth at facilities of traditional birth attendants. Birth Notification Certificate of Acceptance (. The CHPS concept is designed to provide door-to-door care (Nyonator et al., Citation2005; Pence et al., Citation2007), and has been found to improve provision of maternal and child healthcare services (Nyonator et al., Citation2005). In Japanese, this is called bunben-yoyaku (). To add some context to the above, roughly speaking, just over half of women in Japan choose to give birth in a private hospital; just under half in a general or university hospital; and less than 5% opt for a maternity home. In some respects, the Japanese health and social support system can be a little confusing when it comes to pregnancy. Pregnancy is not covered under general health insurance in Japan. However, her baby needed immediate specialized care after birth, and all the pediatricians on staff that night were men. It is one of the reasons why people do not go for antenatal in this community (Elderly woman, FGD). 8600 Rockville Pike This practice which would not be accepted in the healthcare system was thus a barrier to the formal facility delivery unlike home delivery where it is accepted. With your current subscription plan you can comment on stories. This goal is particularly integral in efforts to design better preventive health care strategies for pregnant and postpartum women from multiple cultural and ethnic backgrounds. We work to match offerings in the hospital with specific diets and personal likes and dislikes. All interested researchers/readers/persons who meet the criteria for access to confidential data can access the data set from the corresponding author via this email address: easampong@ug.edu.gh. Another tradition says being pregnant with a boy makes a womans hair thick and shiny, while a girl does the opposite. So, my baby also started feeling thirsty and will be crying uncontrollably. The fear of losing pregnancy as a result of bewitchment made pregnant women resort to the practice of confinement, which has implication for the early initiation of antenatal care. We successively detail the beliefs concerning fertility, pregnancy, childbirth, and postpartum, specifying the cultural beliefs from other cultures interacting with medical recommendations. Stud Fam Plann. A woman's cultural background can affect her needs and expectations during pregnancy and childbirth, as well as how she and her family raise children. There was also the belief that unborn babies can be bewitched by bad or jealous people in the community thus making them develop certain abnormalities in the uterus. Narrative study design allows research participants to share their knowledge on a particular study topic (Bowling, Citation2014). The purpose of this study is to provide a comprehensive review of the most common traditional practices in Asia relating to pregnancy, childbirth and the postpartum period. Pregnancy, child birth, and care are cherished moments in most communities in Ghana. When it is not, we recommend that the doctor have a conversation with the patient to find solutions to make the situation more comfortable. From how women are treated to abortion policies, each region has adapted their own unique cultural perspectives on pregnancy. 2023 Jan 9;9:942331. doi: 10.3389/fnut.2022.942331. These practices were often aimed at restoring the mother to pre-gestation state and also facilitate the growth of the baby. Traditional beliefs and practices in pregnancy, childbirth and Instead the immigration bureau will accept a certificate or receipt from your embassy showing that you have applied for one. A questionnaire for both parents (only one needs to be present but you need to know the passport number and residence card number of your partner). More information is needed on the benefits of formal maternal healthcare services; such educational programs should be geared towards not only women but also husbands, parents, and in-laws. In addition, 22 in-depth interviews were conducted among health workers at district, subdistrict, and community levels. Traditional beliefs about pregnancy and child birth among women from In this study, the socio-cultural practice of confinement rather delayed the initiation of ANC. Community Health Officers who are currently responsible for implementing CHPS strategies can regularly visit TBA facilities to provide immunisation and other essential newborn care services. In view of that, there are certain socio-cultural beliefs and practices that are supposed to buffer any untoward occurrence. No potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s). Quinta edicin de Enfermera perinatal de Awhonn (Awhonns 5th ed/5e) when you go to the women who sell medicine in the room and you explain to them what you are going through, they can get you some herbs to cook and drink. The moms to be in Bali avoid eating octopus because they believe that eating some . Sorry, but your browser needs Javascript to use this site. Private hospitals and clinics that do have childbirth facilities will usually be able to offer a better level of comfort versus general hospitals. This is shown by the quote below: It [folic acid] gives you appetite for food. It was therefore not advisable to eat it during that period. Select your child's age in months to begin tracking their development. 1845 N. Soto St.Los Angeles, CA 90032USA(323) 442-7233global.health@usc.edu, 2023 USC Institute on Inequalities in Global Health, Traditional beliefs and practices in pregnancy, childbirth and postpartum: A review of the evidence from Asian countries, SDG Leadership Academy Fellowship Program: Global to Local, The Health and Human Rights Oral History Project, Program on Global Health and Human Rights, Rights-Oriented Research and Education for Sexual and Reproductive Health. On the seventh day for a Yoruba girl and the ninth day for a boy, theyre given water (to have no enemies), palm oil (for a smooth, stress-free life), kola nut (for a long and healthy one) and salt and pepper (to keep things exciting and spicy). Certain medical procedures associated with pregnancy, such ascircumcisionand blood transfusions in emergency situations, are not acceptable by all religions. There are no baby showers in Turkeycelebrations are postponed until after the little one is born. But today, particularly in culturally diverse communities such as the Dallas-Fort Worth Metroplex, doctors must strive for cultural competence to provide optimal care. Note that no proof of income is required at the time of application, but to ensure that payments are in accordance with changing circumstances, each year in June you need to submit an update notification (, genky-todoke) to the municipal offices.
